Energy Meter Reading Using Bluetooth Technology

Energy Meter Reading Using Bluetooth technologyThis project is designed with micro go steadyler, Bluetooth transmitter Receiver, and info cable with PC.Bluetooth is an industrial condition for piano tuner personal bea ne t whole kit and caboodle (PANs).Bluetooth provides a way to connect and turn culture between tresss such as mobile phones, laptops, PCs, printers, digital cameras, and television game consoles over a secure, globally unlicensed short- swear piano tuner frequency.In microcontroller we stub plan the apostrophize per unit. So it receives the pulse from indication conditioning unit and increments the count value. Corresponding unit and cost atomic number 18 displayed on the LCD display.In this project the energy sentence ordain send the grand variation to the Bluetooth whatchamacallit via the microcontroller. The Bluetooth thus transmits the information and sends it to the receiving attitude which provide be indicated on the information process ing system screen. The postulateing can be sent back after sufficient calculation to the energy meter display via Bluetooth devices.IntroductionA huge manpower is ar honkd by electric power corporation to collect the electrical energy meter reading. It is a costly job and easily getting wrong readings. In just about cases, the staff of electric power company is not able to place the private house and hence needed to estimate the power usage.An in advance(p) solution is created to simplify the job by exploitation Bluetooth technology. Meter reading can be interpreted easily and efficiently by using a Bluetooth device connected to the electric power meters with Bluetooth module installed. By using this solution, it eliminates the human race error and does not need to estimate the electricity usage any more than. As a result, electric power company can reduce the operation time dramatically.This project basically aims to provide a new wireless design for Energy Meter Reading u sing Bluetooth Technology.Traditional carcassDuring a research at the Tamil Nadu electricity Board, a questionnaire was conducted about the traditional methods of Assessment of Meter Reading followed in Tamil Nadu and was found that few years ago there were readings taken manually and costs buckle underd by manual calculation which has now been replaced by the project called BEST ( business relationshi ping for Essential Services in TNEB) scheme which has two phases of implementation. With this project TNEB plans to computerize all their collection centers spread across Tamil Nadu. A handheld device is use by the assessor to generate the bill of the consumer establish on the observed reading. The remote rural component of TNEB is being connected to a circle magnate and the circle office is being connected to the Regional office.Gemini Communication Ltd (GCL), a Chennai found leader in Communication Net working solutions did the first phase for about 456 arrangement centers s pread across 9 regions and deployed the servers and storage products for this network and hence the data that is being typed in at the remote rural office will automatically be saved in the server of the Regional office.In the second phase TNEB would implement the placement in 8 regions give to 1725 collection centers. This is the second phase of the project and will be utilize by 8 Chief Engineers and expected to benefit over 1.5 crore consumers.Proposed systemHowever in the existing system there is no solution provided for the misread meters and manual errors by the assessors. Also it does not provide a solution to reduce the manpower required as assessors.The proposed method is that of a wireless meter reading system. A mobile van or motorbike can be use by the staff to date a street and it is required to enter barely the building decree to access all the meter readings of the building. The proposed design involves a microcontroller block that read up to 16 energy meters pe r building. Then the bill of the individual meter will be generated and displayed on the LCD screen of the microcontroller at the consumer end.This system will provide the readings of apiece and every meter in a building even if the staff is unable to enter the building. There be further uses of this system which ar mentioned in the advantages section.Originality/valueThis system has many an(prenominal) significant excellences, such as wireless networking, low-workload, great quantity of data transmission, time- saving, security. It is an integrated system with complete hardwargon, bundle, and database implementation.Block diagramDevices used and working1. Electricity meterThe first block is an electric meter that is to be read. An Electric meter or energy meter is a device that measures the amount of electrical energy supplied to a residence or business. These are customers of an electric company.The most common type is more properly know as a (kilo) watt-hour meter or a joule meter. Utilities embark the value measured by these meters to generate an invoice for the electricity. They whitethorn besides record new(prenominal) variables including the time when the electricity was used.Fig.1 Energy Meter natural Energy meter data5-10 v240 v50 Hz1200 revs/kwh2. IR Transmitter and receiverFor the microcontroller to understand the meter reading, we need an IR setup which consists of an IR transmitter and receiver. The transmitter transmits an IR ray via a hole made in the meter disc, and the receiver receives it whenever the hole comes skilful in straight line with the IR ray. This happens on completion of each revolution of the disc. So this ensures that the microcontroller has track of each revolution and the counter works accordingly.A typical Infrared diode emits a beam of swinging that reaches the device. A 940 nm wavelength LED is typical. This infrared light is invisible to the human eye but carries signals that are detected by the appliance, as in timately as by the sensor of a digital camera. The presence of a carrier signal can be used to trigger a function. After the demodulation of the received signal, the appropriate frequency filters are applied to crash the respective signals. Nowadays digital procedures are more commonly used.Fig.2 IR transmitter and receiver3. Digital comparatorThe comparator shown in the block diagram is used to sense a blue pulse each time the IR receiver receives an IR light. And the comparator compares the coming signal to previous signal. If they are contrary the payoff is given as high and if they are same the output is zero. This ensures that when the meter stops on one reading the microcontroller stops counting. A digital comparator is a hardware electronic device that compares two number in binary form and generates a one or a zero at its output depending on whether they are the same or not.A comparator can be simulated by subtracting the two values (A B) in question and checking if th e result is zero. This works because if A = B past A B = 0.Comparator OperationInput Vs. Output Results authorized will flow through the open collector when the potential at the positive(p) input is lower than the voltage at the negatively charged input of the opamp.Current WILL NOT flow through the open collector when the voltage at the PLUS input is higher than the voltage at the MINUS input of the opamp.4. 8051 MicrocontrollerThe microcontroller is used to count the pulses coming from the comparator output and to interface it to the Bluetooth device for Transmission and reception. It also interfaces to the LCD display so that the incoming Bill details can be displayed. The microcontroller consists of following sections4 Kb political program memory.128Kb RAM (including SFR(special function registers) as well) satisfies basic needs.4 bearings having in number of 32 input/output lines exist.Fig.3 8051 Pinout and base ArchitectureThe diagram to a higher place shows the 8051 pinout. The chip is a 40-pin package.Port 0 pins 32 to 39 snitch up the 8-bit I/O port 0. However, if external memory is used, these lines are used as a multiplexed language and data bus.Port 1 pins 1 to 8 make up the 8-bit I/O port 1.Port 2 pins 21 to 28 make up the 8-bit I/O port 2. However, if out-of-door memory is used, these lines make up the high-byte of the external turn (A8 to A15).Port 3 pins 10 to 17 make up the 8-bit I/O port 3. However, each of these eight pins also has an leap function, as detailed in the table belowExternal data memory read strobeRST the reset input is on pin 9. This pin is used for resetting the 8051 (i.e. loading the PC with the correct startup value).EA-bar the external access, on pin 31, is used for enabling or disabling the on-chip ROM. When secure high (5V), the 8051 executes instruction manual in internal ROM when executing in the lower 4K (8K for the 8052) of memory. If trussed low the 8051 will always execute instructions in ext ernal memory. The 8031 and 8032 should always fork up pin 31 tied low as there is no internal statute memory.ALE the address latch enable is on pin 30. The ALE is used for latchingthe low byte of the address into an external register.PSEN-bar the program store enable is an output signal on pin 29. This signal is used for fetching instructions from external code memory.The microcontroller memory is divided into Program reposition and selective information Memory. Program Memory (ROM) is used for permanent saving program being executed, while Data Memory (RAM) is used for temporarily storing and keeping intermediate results and variables. All 8051 microcontrollers have 16-bit addressing bus and can address 64 kb memory.5. BluetoothThe Bluetooth device is used create the contact between the Consumers meter and the Assessors laptop or any Bluetooth enabled device which has the Billing Software in it.Bluetooth is the term used to describe the protocol of a short range (10 meter) fre quency-hopping radio link between devices. Bluetooth is acceptable for situations when two or more devices are in proximity to each other and dont require high bandwidth. Bluetooth networking transmits data via low-power radio waves at frequency of 2.45 gigahertz (actually between 2.402 gigacycle per second and 2.480 GHz, to be exact). This frequency band has been set aside by international agreement for the use of industrial, scientific and medical devices (ISM). A personal computer must have a Bluetooth adapter in order to be able to communicate with other Bluetooth devices (such as mobile phones, mice and keyboards).6. visual BasicThe software used to enter the received readings and generate the billing cost details is Visual Basic as the front-end software and SQL as the back-end software where the database of each consumer gets stored.Visual Basic is a Graphics User larboard (GUI). The main object inVisual Basic is called a form. Controls are things like text boxes, check bo xes and command buttons. Controls are chosen from the Visual Basic tool box. Once forms/controls are created, you can revision the properties (appearance, structure etc.) related to those objects in that particular objects properties window. From this window, you choose the property you compliments to change from the list and change its corresponding setting. Once all your objects are created, you can combine them to form a single executable program that can be run outside of the Visual Basic environment, in Microsoft Windows as shownAdvantagesIssues with Stand-alone meter readingHighly Person dependant. military man errors cannot be avoided.Accessibility of meters in rural/ Agricultural zones.Energy Audits performed based on bill collection which is highly inaccurate.Billing done primarily on estimated/ monthly average basisInability to monitor and control discrete loadsBilling cycle requires excessive time.Electric company benefitsSmart automated processes instead of manual work Accurate information from the network load to optimise maintenance and investmentsCustomized rates and billing dates. silky high bill investigations. break out network performance and cost efficiency. indigence and distribution management.More intelligence to business planning.Better company credibility. node benefitsPrecise consumption informationClear and accurate billingBetter and faster customer serviceDisadvantagesApplying the system in large domain with multiple subscribers is not a straightforward task the system may need some modifications.Bluetooth device costs are affordable only by Apartment residents or residents of colonies but not independents.Future developmentsIn our project we have used the old fashion mechanically in operation(p) meters but they are easy to tamper with. In future digital meters can be used for this project once they become cheaper.The other proposed advancement that can be made is the use of other wireless communication devices. Bluetooth model w as used by us essentially for research laboratory testing purposes. The more favourable options could be Modems and Zigbee devices that provide both range and better security. They were not chosen for this project due to budget restrictions.