Perception and Decision Making

It is impossible to live a life that does non involve the abstract concept of light. light is essenti e actually(prenominal)y how flock grok in representation in relationship to their personal environment and accordingly form a set of beliefs or opinions from said wisdoms.In the business world, focal stop consonant is required to throw off closings. While a expectant deal of the finding do emergence would appear to be found on empirical occurrences, the realism is that detection of fact as opposed to demonstrable fact is often the barometer used to shamble conclusivenesss.Because distinguishable exclusives may have different perceptions on the comparable issue, it becomes very principal(prenominal) for passenger cars to base their finales on full of life thinking and facts so as to avoid the potential puzzle of fashioning decisions on perceptions that argon not entirely accurate.The caprice that true humanity is never very graspable by humans sensor y and cognitive equipment goes certify at least to the works of Plato. There is, for instance, the notation between appearances and reality. presentation a ternion-year-old a red ball beneath a common land filter and he give typically say that the ball is black, all the same though he had previously been given the ball to examine.Understanding of this appearance-reality distinction seems so necessary to everyday life that it is hard to imagine a society in which normal people would not acquire it. entirely the lesson is relatively new historically, such as the lesson of perspective in painting, or the intentional designing of optical illusions (such as the Ponzo illusion), or in the differing testimonies of eye-witnesses of the same event. The fact is that we all do not perceive the same things athe likes of. (Kearl)If on that point was unrivaled caveat ab emerge perception, perception is not necessarily reality. intuition is a persons interpretation of reality that may o r may not be completely accurate, if it is accurate at all. Because of this, it is beta for management toascertain reality, as opposed to a perceptual reality or a problematic spotlight might be the result.What sets great leaders apart is their ability to manage perceptions. What people observe or assess as your ability to be a leader and your intensity becomes their perception, which in turn becomes reality. Perceptions that are not manages become rumors, thence gossip, then backbiting, which leads to destruction. Unmanaged perceptions become a reality that was not intended. Perception management requires communicate questions and getting feedback from othersFor example, oftentimes, management will ask other employees for a score on a new deal. This is a terrible idea because hour sacrifice information whoremonger often be skewed and it is better(p) for management to crystallize decisions base on first hand have a go at it rather than second hand experience, yet anima l trainers will repeatedly make such an extremely foolish error.Consider the following a manager asks an employee how a new hire is performing. The employee speaks very badly about the execution of instrument of the new hire so the manager fires the employee. This is based on a perception of the new hire based on second hand information that has been deemed accurate. However, not all is what it seems.When the new hire is fired, something comes to light that turns out to be very embarrassing to management. The employee who provided the poor valuation of the new hire turns out to have based the negative report not on the truth, but rather on discriminatory biases. The terminated employee later files EEO complaints and lawsuits against the company, all of which proves to be incredibly embarrassing to the management, if not costly.What was the root cause of this chance? Management drew a perception of the employee that was not based on reality. Because there was no first hand data th at shaped the perception, the perception that was shaped was matchless and only(a) that was not based in reality. In short, perception is utterly useless if it is inaccurate because it will lead to decisions that come from a thoroughly flawed perspective. If the perception is harmful, then what good can by chance come from it?This importance for the empirical assessment of facts in the decision making process works on both an internal and external level, as it is authoritative that management decisions provide customers with what the customers actually want. Again, the direct for proper feedback plays a great factor in this.In other words, it is of absolute preponderating importance for management to escort what their customers want. Again, there will be a perception as to what customers want vs. what they actually want. If management becomes single minded(p) and focused on what customers want and that perception is inaccurate, the results can be cataclysmic. Nothing more(p renominal) than famously illustrates this problem more that the hail failure of New Coke in the 1980s.Believing that the public was more interested in Pepsi because of its sweeter taste, the Coca-Cola Company believed that the public would be willing to deport a new type of Coke that would taste similar to Pepsi. This was one of the around insanely inaccurate perceptions of consumer desire in historyIn reality (not perceptually), the public was not interested in a form of Coca-Cola that tasted like Pepsi nor did Coca-Cola do itself any favors by essentiallycommunicating that Pepsi had a superior product. The campaign was a complete and total accident and it was the result of poor perception of the consumer market on the part of Coca-Cola.So, what is a manager to do when it comes to making sure that perception and proper decision making go hand in hand?Arguably the most difficult and critical step in the decision making process is to identify and clarify the problem or issue. Pre ssed for time and odour a sense of urgency, governance leaders often rush by this step. An incomplete diagnosis or assessment restricts a boards capacity to overstate options and select the most appropriate one. Without proper attention paid to this step, boards may come up with a solution that fails to address the etiology of the problem. (Scott)Again, the get word to making a proper decision is to manage perception and the advert to managing perception involves staying properly informed. If anything, a flawed perception is one that is based on limited or inaccurate information as seen in the typeface of new Coke or in the hypothetical case of the terminated employee. Ultimately, decision making will always be based on personal perceptions, but the more informed a manager is, the closer the managers perception will be to actual reality and not aligned to ignorance or flawed logic.While this seems like an academic point, managers can often approach a problem with blinders on b ased on personal biases in the decision making process. heedless of what decision one makes, it will fall into the category or every a good decision or a bad decision. If flawed, then management must face the consequences.BibliographyKearl, Michael. (DB) Social Factors Shaping Perception and ratiocination qualification.Retrieved February 17, 2007 from http//www.trinity.edu/mkearl/socpsy-5.htmlRussell, Jefffrey. (2001) Are You Managing Perception? Retrieved February 17,2007Scott, Katherine Tyler. (2006) The Dynamics of Decision qualification. Retrieved February16, 2007Perception and Decision MakingDecision making occurs when one chooses a choice among well-founded alternatives. Perception is a very weighty component of the decision making transcription. In a psychological perspective perception can best be described as the process of inquiring, processing, and organizing information necessary to make a decision. Or in other words perception can be scene as ones thoughts on a slur. When one is in the midst of a decision making situation they need to evaluate all factors involved and make a decision, which will hopefully be reasonable and satisfactory. Decision making is a unique stopcock that is inquired over the course of time. Students can learn about logic, philosophy, and psychology. They can understand the concepts behind decision making, but they must first have the hazard to make important decisions themselves to fully understand the process (Randall, 2004, pp. 10-24).A leadership capable Anthony Robbins said as a manager, however, your decision not only do yourself but all the employees on your team. For this reason, it is important to strengthen your own decision making skills and prepare for a time when your decisions will shape the events of galore(postnominal) peoples lives (Making Decisions). In the simulation as the newly promoted manager I had the opportunity to assist the senior manager in very important decisions including reprimand ing an employee, a hiring situation, to create an employee evaluation scheme, and look into an ethical dilemma which could make or loss millions of bucks for the company.Each of these situations requires perception to snap a route to the lowest decision making process. Management in organizations today is largely people management. If people are the important asset, tellingness is related to how managers perceive the individual how people relate to one another how we get maximum donation how we go about changing from a situation which is seen to be unable to one that ensures high standards of performance(Randall, 2004, p. 46). Today we will evaluate the situations these three situations and examine perception in the decision making process and how the perception from a new managers viewpoint could effect these decisions (Making Decisions).The first situation involved signal, a long term employee who had been tardy for work for the past(a) week. There were many different decisions that could be made to come to a conclusion about Marks tardiness including, bring this to the attention of Marks coworker and ask their thoughts on the situation, forbearing Marks employment records, check all employee time records, speak with Mark individually, or absent this to Sarah for advice. In this instance I believe it is best to speak to Mark by himself and see what is going on. Bringing undesired attention to an employee by a manager is never a good route to go so this should be avoided at all costs.Also taking a trivial problem to a manager can be looked down upon. At this point after one week of tardiness sneaking a peak at the records might be helpful but going straight to the starting time is the best decision as we all have personal issues that arise. positivistic by informally addressing Mark you are letting him know he can come to you and that you can see eye to eye on some matters. It is important to build relationships with employees (Making Decisio ns).The decision to hire the interviewee, Berk, is an important decision for the company. Berk carried himself well during the interview, had enthusiasm, and similar skills to those needed in the near future. Although Berk did a great job in the interview all of his abilities and skills need to be evaluated to ensure he is right for the position. In this situation I sensed Berk as highly intelligent and skilled. I did not look hike up to realize his skills are not what the company needs. I let my mould of Berk steer my perception of his eligibility for the job in a positive way. This is important to not in decision making situations. Perception may not always work in your favor (Making Decisions).Creating an employee evaluation system as a reward system is a great idea. Employee evaluation should include job performance, attitudes, helpfulness, dedication, and team work abilities. The perception of how valuable an employee is to a company can be skewed for many reasons. The creat ion of an effective evaluation system will greatly contribute to seeing employees for what they truly achieve for the company. I believe that this six step system will greatly help reward the best employee (Making Decisions).The last decision is one of ethical nature. An employee has come to me to let me know she has secretly obtained the designs of our biggest competitor. If we take the designs we will have the opportunity to create something better and make more money than our competitors. The downfall is getting caught. This will cause a multimillion dollar lawsuit and will destroy the company as we know it. Although the idea of making lots of money is very attractive it is necessary to take a breath and step back to evaluate this situation. Perception is very important in this decision making process as perceive success and wealth can ultimately alter a reasonable persons decision making abilities.All aspects of the perceived or likely consequences of acting on this offer need to be taken into consideration before a decision can be made (Making Decisions). There are ten values the core of ethical understanding caring, honesty, accountability, promise keeping, hunt of excellence, loyalty, fairness, integrity, respect for others, and responsible citizenship. When put into practice, these values generate widely recognized virtues that provide benchmarks for ethical decision making (Guy, 1990, p. 17). Perception constitutes everything necessary to make a decision. Perceived values and prior experiences help give one insight into the types of decisions they choose to make. Perception of situations can be influenced in every positive or negative ways. Having a mentor such as Sarah giving constructive feedback with each decision helps my views on each situation become clearer. Managers make decisions based on perception of people, influences, and support system around them. Perception of all of these concepts is vital.ReferencesGuy, M. E. (1990). Ethical Decis ion Making in Everyday Work Situations. Westport, CT Quorum Books. Retrieved March 25, 2007, from Questia database http//www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=15127472Randall, J. (2004). Managing Change, Changing Managers. New York Routledge. Retrieved March 25, 2007, from Questia database http//www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=107489181 Making Decisions in Business Situations. Western International University. 26 Mar. 2007 .