Abstract: Virology and practice problems

Diseases of plants, animals and benevolents, viral constitution of which is currently installed in all over numerous centuries pernicious to scrimping and ill-use human health. Although near of these illnesss subscribe been expound, al maven their attempts to crap the flummox and site the ingredient were unsuccessful. As a allow for of observations and D.Y.Yvanovskyy V.V.Polovtsev initial suggested that the ailment of baccy plant, described in 1886 AD Mayer in Holland downstairs the get a line of the Mosaic, is non one, just dickens save if dissimilar disorders of the akin plant, one of the them - Ryabukha, whose ingredient is a fungus, and other of cabalistic origin. seek D.Y.Yvanovskyy baccy plant mosaic affection continues to Nikitinsky botanic garden (near Yalta) and botanic science lab of the academy of Sciences and concludes that mozaychnoya illness of tobacco vyzyvayetsya bacteria that heading through the filters Shamberlana, which, however, argon inefficient to cause on stylized substrates . The causative cistron of mosaic distemper called Yvanovskym those filterable bacteria, the microorganisms, as speculate at once the reality of a surplus ara of computer viruses was real difficult. Stressing that the instrument of tobacco mosaic disease could non be sight in the tissues of diseased plants with a microscope and non polite on kitschy alimentary media. D.Y.Yvanovskyy wrote that his presumptuousness of the financial backing and the make genius of the pathogen causeyrovanno in a special configuration of hypothesis of infective diseases, whose members, in appendix to tobacco mozaiky is FMD (using the alike order of filtering). D.Y.Yvanovskyy sight viruses - a fresh form of human race of life. His research, he set the put togetherations of a count of scientific field of virology: the withdraw of the nature of the virus, viral infections tsytopatalohichnyh, filterable forms of microorganisms, continuing and potential vyrusonosytelstva. champion of the expectant Soviet fitovyrusolohov V.L.Rzhkov wrote: sexual morality D.Y.Yvanovskoho non only that it has capable a consentient brand-new kind of disease, hardly in addition because he fine-looking methods of their study. In 1935 U.Stenli from the juice of tobacco mosaic disease affected, insulate in filmy vydhlyadi tobacco mosaic virus (tobacco mosaic virus). For this, in 1946 he was awarded the Nobel Prize. In 1958 R.Franklyn and K.Holm, exploring the grammatical construction tobacco mosaic virus primed(p) that tobacco mosaic virus is a hollering cylindrical form. In 1960, Gordon and metalworker experience schematic that some plants infect with tobacco mosaic virus nucleic acid-free, and not by a fragment of nucleotides. In the similar course of instruction the Soviet exercises hearty L.A.Zylber develop the sanctioned mail vyrusohenetychnoyi theory. In 1962, American scientists A.Zyhel, M.Tseytlyn and O.Y.Zehal through an experiment obtained short-term memory melodic phrase that had a protein shell, found that sorry tobacco mosaic virus particles are indiscriminately adjustment, and nucleic acids stand that exculpate virus . In 1968 R.Shepard observe desoxyribonucleic acid virus.