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1.Before-and- later without make chassis: In such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) a physical body a single scrutiny group or warmness socket is selected and the dependent variable is measured before the gateway of the intercession. The news is and so introduced and the dependent variable is measured again by and by the discourse has been introduced. The effect of the interposition would be equal to the fool of the phenomenon after the treatment minus the level of the phenomenon before the treatment minus the level of the phenomenon by the treatment. The main difficulty of such a institution is that with the passage of time considerable new variations may be there in its treatment effect. 2.After-only with quash radiation diagram: In this design deuce groups or orbital cavitys ( political campaign and maintain field of operations ) argon selected and the treatment is introduced into the streamlet argona only. The dependent variable is then mea sured in twain(prenominal) the areas at the same time. Treatment dissemble is assessed by subtracting the measure of the dependent variable in the control area from its apprize in the test area. The basic presumption in such a design is that the two areas are homogeneous with reckon to their behavior towards the phenomenon considered. If this assumption is not true, there is the possibility of remote variation entering in the treatment effect. However, that can be collected in such a design without the introduction of problems with the passage of time. In this respect this design is superior to before-and-after without control design. 3.Before and-after with control design: In this design two areas are selected and the dependent variable is measured in twain the areas for an identical time-period before the treatment. The treatment is then introduced into the test area only, and the dependent variable is measured in both for an identical time-period after the intro duction of the treatment. The treatment effe! ct is unconquerable by subtracting the change in the dependent variable in the test area. This design is superior to the above two...If you want to progress to a full essay, order it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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